The objective of the seismic data interpreter is to have a volume processed with a wavelet that has the sharpest (resolvable) peak as possible at the geologic boundaries, minimum side-lobes, and a wide band in the low and in the high end of the spectrum.
The seismic wavelet is the link between seismic data (traces), interpretations and the geology (reflection coefficients). It must be accurately known (estimated or measured) and quantified in all stages of the seismic cycle (from modelling, acquisition, processing, interpretation, inversion and reservoir work). Clear knowledge and manipulations of the zero, min and mixed phase wavelets is critical. Not only in time domain but also in frequency, Z, wavelet, complex Hilbert and other domains.
The recent advances in the broadband seismic technologies offers the interpreter additional information in the form of high geologic resolution images of the subsurface such as suable structures and thin stratigraphic features. Details are enhanced due to the high frequency content of the signal. Adding more frequency in the low end of the spectrum are also important. They help to better image the deep targets and in a robust seismic inversions.
Duration
Two days
Prerequisites (Knowledge/Experience/Education required)
- Fundamentals knowledge of wave propagation, calculus and geometry
- A basic geophysics questionnaire and exercises will be conducted pre-mid, and post-course
Who Should Attend?
Geoscientists working in the field of seismic data modeling, acquisition, processing, interpretation, inversion and reservoir geophysics.
Course Outline
- Introduction and definitions
- Seismic data acquisition, the seismic sources (signatures) in land, transition, marine environment and the criteria for choosing a seismic source.
- Factors affecting the travelling (propagating) seismic wavelet
- The partition of the seismic energy at boundaries
- Seismic data digitization, sampling, convolution and correlation
- Linear Time Invariant Convolutional Model
- Wavelet estimation methods: deterministic and statistical
- The inverse method
- Polynomial factorization method
- Hilbert Transform and other methods
- Seismic processing work flows
- Wavelet processing of seismic data (in time and in frequency domains)
- Synthetic seismograms and well ties
- The need for broadband seismic data
- Seismic interpretation, AVO and Inversion
- Seismic applications in reservoir monitoring and time lapse
Leaner Outcomes
- Cleary able to define the impulsive seismic source wavelets (signatures) and the composite seismic wavelet; their nature and their handling in the field and in the processing stage
- Understand the different types of seismic wavelets. Their energy distribution and their processing steps in time and in frequency domain.
- Learn the processes to increase the seismic data resolution and its benefits for interpretation and inversion
- Gain confidence is the seismic data collection, processing, interpretation, inversion and reservoir work
- Seismic data interpreters will be more confident is manipulating the data in different domains; vintages, environments and better understand the meanings of the complex attributes, amplitude, phase, frequency, and instantaneous attributes.