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Probabilistic Deep Learning Inversion for Critical Mineral Exploration

This short course introduces geoscientists to modern machine learning and deep generative models for solving geophysical inverse problems in mineral exploration.

It begins with an overview of inverse theory and then transitions to state-of-the-art AI methods used to recover complex subsurface structures. Participants will learn the concepts and practical implementation of GANs (generative adversarial networks), cVAEs (conditional variational autoencoder), INNs (invertible neural networks), and NFs (normalizing flows). Hands-on coding exercises and case studies will demonstrate how these models improve geological realism, speed, and uncertainty quantification in inversion workflows. 

By the end, attendees will be equipped to integrate deep generative AI into real-world exploration projects.   

Duration

Two Days

Who Should Attend?

Students, researchers, and professionals in the mining industry

Level

Intermediate

Prerequisites (Knowledge/Experience/Education required)

  • A working knowledge of how deep learning works in general
  • An undergraduate-level knowledge of linear algebra, optimization and geophysics
  • General knowledge of critical minerals

Learner Outcomes

Students will be able to: 

  1. Implement GANs, INNs and cVAEs for solving geophysical inverse problems in a supervised way
  2. Solve geophysical inverse problems using normalizing flows in an unsupervised way
  3. Test geological hypotheses using generative AI models
  4. Quantify uncertainties of the physical property models from deep learning inversions 

Instructor Bio

Jiajia Sun

University of Houston

View Bio

Jiajia Sun

University of Houston

Dr. Jiajia Sun is currently Associate Professor of Geophysics in the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Houston. He received his PhD in geophysics from Colorado School of Mines in 2015. His recent research interests include (1) developing advanced methods for critical minerals and rare earth element deposit exploration by integrating geophysics, geology and drillhole data; and (2) solving geophysical inverse problems and assessing uncertainty in both Bayesian and deep learning frameworks.

He is General Co-Chair of 2026 Critical Minerals Forum to be held on 27–29 October 2026, in Vancouver, Canada. He was Chair of the SEG Mining and Mineral Exploration Committee from 2024-2025. He received Honorable Mention for Best Paper in GEOPHYSICS in 2015. Three of his papers were highlighted in Geophysics Bright Spots in The Leading Edge. He received the J. Clarence Karcher Award from SEG in 2021. He and his co-authors recently received the Best Oral Paper Award for the geoscience themes at IMAGE ’25 for their work on creating geologically informed training data with application to critical mineral exploration.